What are bearings and what is their purpose?

Bearings belong among the key mechanical components that ensure efficient and reliable motion of rotary and linear parts in a variety of industrial applications. Without them, many machines and equipment would not function efficiently. In this article, we take a detailed look at the function, principle, and use of these parts.

What are bearings?

Bearings are mechanical elements designed to reduce friction between moving machine parts. Their main purpose is to transmit load and ensure smooth operation of rotary or linear movements.

From a structural point of view, bearings consist of an inner and outer ring, rolling elements (balls, rolls or needles) and a cage ensuring uniform distribution of the elements.

What is their purpose?

Their main functions include:

• Friction reduction - minimizing mechanical losses and increasing equipment efficiency,
• Rotation support - ensuring smooth and stable movement of rotary elements such as shafts, wheels or fans,
• Load transfer - efficient transfer of an axial and radial load, which affects the stability and durability of a structure.

How do bearings work?

These components work on the principle of rolling or sliding motion. Rolling bearings use balls or rolls to minimize contact friction, resulting in less wear and higher efficiency. On the other hand, sliding bearings create a lubricating layer between the moving surfaces, which ensures smooth motion and reduces wear.

Applications in various industries

They are essential in many industries:

• automotive industry - engine systems, transmissions, wheels,
• aviation industry - turbines, engines, landing gear,
• industrial machinery - machine tools, conveyors, fans,
• home appliances - washing machines, vacuum cleaners, air conditioners,
• sport equipment - bicycles, skates, skateboards.

Bearings in aviation

In the aviation industry, these components have to withstand extreme conditions such as high temperatures, intense vibrations and enormous loads. For this reason, they are manufactured using high-strength materials such as ceramics or special alloys that ensure their long service life and corrosion resistance.

Bearings are critical to the reliability of the aviation industry, where they are used in engines, turbines, landing gear, as well as aircraft control systems. Their precise construction and high resistance to dynamic loads ensure flawless operation under extreme conditions.

Bearings are a key component of mechanisms, ensuring efficient transmission of forces, minimising friction and increasing equipment service life. Their importance is essential in various industrial and transport sectors.

If you are looking for quality components or expert consultancy, you will find reliable solutions for your applications at AKE Skalica.